Stuttering occurs when there is a breakdown in the forward flow of speech. Some common dysfluencies seen in stuttering include the following: repetition of sounds: r r r round repetition of syllables: ca ca ca cat repetition of words: ball ball ball ball repetition of phrases: I want I want I want candy Sound prolongations: mmmmmmom Sound blocks: .........hat
There are many theories on why stuttering occurs in people, but the cause is unknown. There is also no known cure for stuttering. A speech language pathologist, however, is able to work with people to help them reduce fears about stuttering and introduce techniques that can be used to help reduce stuttering moments.
Cluttering
"In cluttering, there may be a breakdown in the clarity of speech as a result of deletion and/or collapsing of syllables (e.g., "I wanseeadisaur") and/or omission of word endings (e.g., "Buy a watermelplease.") or a breakdowns in fluency which is characterized bydisfluencies (e.g., revisions, interjections) and/or pauses in places in sentences not expected grammatically, such as 'I will go to the/store and buy apples'" (St. Louis & Schulte, 2011).